THE TECNOLOGY OF EXPRESS AIR QUALITY CONTROL OF AIR IN SEA COASTAL ZONES
State Oceanographic Institute (Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring) have created the prototype of the system of express air quality control in coastal zones of St.-Petersburg (Finish Gulf of Baltic sea). Its basic elements are developed for Sochi (Black sea). The system allows to obtain in real-time regime (4-minutes step) the measured and calculated data about different pollutants in atmosphere of sea coastal zones including hazardous substances.
The scientific basis of technology is the existence of the pair correlation between chemical composition and physical characteristics of marine aerosols. Pair correlations allows the opportunity to determine chemical composition based on physical characteristics of aerosols. Marine pollutants in sea water concentrate on the water-bottom and water-air borders. Enrichment of sea surface microlayer (SML) by hazardous substances results in achievement of pollutants on 2-3 orders higher than in column water. The marine aerosols formed from SML during wind-wave interactions and other processes lead to enrichment with a multicomponent mixture of toxic compounds.
There are the next essential part of the thechnology of express air quality control:
1) The specialized database «Toxic substances and physical and chemical characteristics of a transboundary source of air pollutions of the Russian seas (sea aerosol, a surface microlayer, column water)» registered by Federal agency on information technologies, the State register of databases, number of the state registration 0220510925. The database includes the results of own researches of the polluting substances in aerosols of various sources of generation (sea and continental) at different height above sea level, in SML and column water. It also includes physical and chemical characteristics of a disperse phase: dimensional spectra of aerosol particles and water dredge, its specific surface area volume concentration.
2) Experimental approaches and methods for the control of pollution of sea surface microlayer (SML) with 0.2-mm and 1-mm thickness.
3) The new device - “field” aerosols counter combined with laser particle sizer based on low-angle laser light sattering (LALLS) method.
4) The methods to obtain linear and complex correlation between air pollution (by heavy metals and biotoxins (viruses and marine microorganisms) in coastal zones) and concentration and size spectra of aerosols.
5) Rouitin GIS-technology for vizualiztion of data about air quality of the set scale on the Internet-resources and e-handbooks of Russian Government Programme - ESIMO – Unified system of the information on the World ocean (www.oceanography.ru and esimo.oceanography.ru/esp1). Electronic schemes contain the information on air pollution, SML heavy metals, nonpolar hydrocarbons, biotoxins, and also about the contribution of various sources (marine, terrestrial, city, far-long atmospheric transfer) in formation of mixed aerosol of a coastal sea areas. During the Exhibition
SOI Would like to present the poster about the new technology, Power Point Presentation (with own PC) and LALS new device for field expeditions.
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