The National Programme Antarctica is finanzianto research on national funds and focuses on the study of Antarctica under international agreements signed by Italy in the Antarctic Treaty. Provides studies in various disciplines including oceanography.
The tasks of the headquarters of La Spezia Institute of Marine Sciences National Research Council are:
- study oceanographic phenomena that contribute to the maintenance and operation of the conveyor belt of the oceans.
- understand the physical processes that control the global climate;
- monitor changes in these key processes of the global system;
- try to foresee the consequences of these changes. The conveyor belt
is the mechanism through which the ocean currents to carry heat from one point in the oceans.
The hot water is transported to the present equator to the poles by ocean currents, here it cools and sinks to the depths, to go up again in the equatorial areas after a certain period of time. Oceanographers identify water masses according to their temperature and their salinity. The values \u200b\u200bof T and S determine the density of water, and hence its weight. Light remains on the surface water, heavy water goes right down. The cold water and salt water is heavier and sinks. The sinking water is replaced by surface water moves to replace it, causing the ocean currents. The process is repeated in depth where the water moves that have recently sunk on the bottom that goes back to another place. This process is called Conveyor Belt and the mechanism of heat distribution in the oceans and therefore the main control system of the Earth's climate.
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